Which of the following best describes Spencer's views on the role of government in individual welfare?

Spencer's views on individual welfare emphasize the importance of individual responsibility and the belief that individuals should not rely on external forces, including the government, to manage their welfare. He argued for a social philosophy grounded in the idea of “survival of the fittest,” suggesting that social progress is made through competition and individual effort rather than through government intervention or support.

This perspective underscores a belief in self-reliance, where individuals are responsible for their own success or failure based on their abilities and choices. Spencer was critical of government involvement that might aid those who, in his view, were less capable, as he believed it could disrupt the natural social order and lead to dependency.

While other responses suggest varying degrees of government involvement in social issues, with ideas about redistribution, social inequality, or welfare responsibilities being managed by private sectors, Spencer's philosophy distinctly aligns with the notion that individuals' success is intrinsically linked to their own capabilities, independent of governmental influence.